In the late 1700s, France ran a persistent deficit and by the late 1780s struggled with how to balance the budget and pay down the debt.
At the N.Y. Fed: Conference Highlights Financing Tools for New York’s Food and Beverage Firms
With more than 35,000 farms and $5.5 billion in annual sales, the agriculture industry is an important part of the New York State economy.
Lifting the Veil on the U.S. Bilateral Repo Market
The repurchase agreement (repo), a contract that closely resembles a collateralized loan, is widely used by financial institutions to lend to each other.
Why Hasn’t the Yen Depreciation Spurred Japanese Exports?
The Japanese yen depreciated 30 percent from its peak in the fourth quarter of 2011 against its trading partners.
Historical Echoes: The United States’ First Credit Union–Run Out of a Gentleman Lawyer’s Front Parlor
St. Mary’s Bank was the first credit union created in the United States, in Manchester, New Hampshire, in 1908.
From Our Archive: Student Debt in Perspective
The Editors We read with interest a new Brookings Institution report, Is a Student Loan Crisis on the Horizon?, assessing the weight of the student debt burden. It was also pleasing to see the New York Times, several of our Twitter followers, and others citing work on this blog in counterpoint.
Do Currency Forwards Say Anything about the Future Value of the U.S. Dollar?
J. Benson Durham Currency forwards do include useful information about the future value of the U.S. dollar, but any messages are hard to decipher without tools. Just as the yield curve reflects expected short rates as well as term premiums, foreign exchange forwards embed not only anticipated depreciation but also premiums for currency risk. This […]
The Capitol Since the Nineteenth Century: Political Polarization and Income Inequality in the United States
Even the most casual observer of American politics knows that today’s Republican and Democratic parties seem to disagree with one another on just about every issue under the sun
What’s Your WAM? Taking Stock of Dealers’ Funding Durability
One of the lessons from the recent financial crisis is the need for securities dealers to have durable sources of funding.
Crisis Chronicles: Canal Mania (1793)
Today, a leisurely trip down a canal on a quiet Sunday afternoon is a reminder of an unhurried time away from the hectic pace of modern commerce.

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