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26 posts on "Euro Area"May 26, 2021The Overnight Drift in U.S. Equity Returns
Since the advent of electronic trading in the late 1990s, S&P 500 futures have traded close to 24 hours a day. In this post, which draws on our recent Staff Report, we document that holding U.S. equity futures overnight has earned a large positive return during the opening hours of European markets. The largest positive returns in the 1998–2019 sample have accrued between 2 a.m. and 3 a.m. U.S. Eastern time—the opening of European stock markets—and averaged 3.6 percent on an annualized basis, a phenomenon we call the overnight drift.
Posted at 7:00 am in Euro Area, Financial Markets, International Economics, Stocks | Permalink | Comments (0)April 14, 2021What Is behind the Global Jump in Personal Saving during the Pandemic?
Household saving has soared in the United States and other high-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite widespread declines in wages and other private income streams. This post highlights the role of fiscal policy in driving the saving boom, through stepped-up social benefits and other income support measures. Indeed, in the United States, Japan, and Canada, government assistance has pushed household income above its pre-pandemic trajectory. We argue that the larger scale of government assistance in these countries helps explain why saving in these countries has risen more strongly than in the euro area. Going forward, how freely households spend out of their newly accumulated savings will be a key factor determining the strength of economic recoveries.
Posted at 7:00 am in Crisis, Employment, Euro Area, International Economics, Labor Economics, Labor Market, Pandemic, Wages | Permalink | Comments (0)April 16, 2018Is Stigma Attached to the European Central Bank’s Marginal Lending Facility?
The European Central Bank (ECB)’s marginal lending facility has been used by banks to borrow funds both in normal times and during the crisis that started in 2007. In this post, we argue that how a central bank communicates the purpose of a facility is important in determining how users of the facility are perceived. In particular, the ECB never refers to the marginal lending facility as a back-up source of funds. The ECB’s neutral approach may be a key factor in explaining why financial institutions are less reluctant to use the marginal lending facility than the Fed’s discount window.
June 3, 2016At the N.Y. Fed: The Transatlantic Economy: Convergence or Divergence?
On April 18, 2016, the New York Fed hosted a conference on current and future policy directions for the linked economies of Europe and the United States. “The Transatlantic Economy: Convergence or Divergence,” organized jointly with the Centre for Economic Policy Research and the European Commission, brought together U.S. and Europe-based policymakers, regulators, and academics to discuss a series of important issues: Are the economies of the euro area and the United States on a convergent or divergent path? Are financial regulatory reforms making the banking and financial structures more similar? Will this imply a convergence in macroprudential policies? Which instruments do the United States and the euro area have at their disposal to raise investment, spur productivity, and avoid secular stagnation? In this post, we summarize the principal themes and findings of the conference discussion.
Posted at 7:00 am in Euro Area, Fed Funds, Financial Institutions, International Economics, Monetary Policy, Regulation | Permalink | Comments (0)February 2, 2016Counterparties and Collateral Requirements for Implementing Monetary Policy
What types of counterparties can borrow from or lend to a central bank, and what kind of collateral must they possess in order to receive a loan? These are two key aspects of a central bank’s monetary policy implementation framework. Since at least the nineteenth century, it has been understood that an important role of central banks is to lend to solvent but illiquid institutions, particularly during a crisis, as this provides liquidity insurance to the financial system. They also provide liquidity to markets during normal times as a means to implement monetary policy. Central banks that rely on scarcity of reserves need to adjust the supply of liquidity in the market, as described in our previous post[add link]. In this post, we focus on liquidity provision related to the conduct of monetary policy .
August 12, 2015Do Asset Purchase Programs Push Capital Abroad?
Thomas Klitgaard and David O. Lucca Euro area sovereign bond yields fell to record lows and the euro weakened after the European Central Bank (ECB) dramatically expanded its asset purchase program in early 2015. Some analysts predicted massive financial outflows spilling out of the euro area and affecting global markets as investors sought higher yields […]
Posted at 7:00 am in Balance of Payments, Euro Area, Exchange Rates, Exports, Financial Markets, International Economics, Monetary Policy | Permalink | Comments (2)June 24, 2015Falling Oil Prices and Global Saving
The rise in oil prices from near $30 per barrel in 2000 to around $110 per barrel in mid-2014 was a dramatic reallocation of global income to oil producers.
Posted at 7:00 am in Current Account, Euro Area, Exports, Financial Markets, International Economics | Permalink | Comments (1)February 6, 2015Highlights from the Global Research Forum on International Macroeconomics and Finance
International financial flows are a key feature of the global landscape and are relevant in many ways for central banks.
Posted at 7:00 am in Euro Area, Exchange Rates, Exports, International Economics, Regulation | Permalink | Comments (2)December 8, 2014Global Asset Prices and the Taper Tantrum Revisited
Global asset market developments during the summer of 2013 have been attributed to changes in the outlook for U.S. monetary policy, starting with former Chairman Bernanke’s May 22 comments concerning future curtailing of the Federal Reserve’s asset purchase programs.
Posted at 7:00 am in Euro Area, Exchange Rates, Expectations, Financial Markets, International Economics, Monetary Policy | Permalink | Comments (0)October 24, 2014At the N.Y. Fed: Macroeconomic Policy Mix in the Transatlantic Economy
The reasons why the macroeconomic policy mix has been different on the two sides of the Atlantic in recent years remain a hotly debated issue.
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